Nominal vs Real

You’ve probably heard that the US GDP grew at 2% last year. That’s the real growth rate. The nominal growth rate would be 2% plus inflation.

So in other words, real growth rates are corrected for inflation. So if I say the real GDP growth rate has been 2%, then that is after taking inflation into account.

If I say the GDP growth rate has been 5%, then I’m adding inflation to my %.

Real Rate of Return = Nominal Rate of Return – Inflation

Real Rate of Return + Inflation = Nominal Rate of Return

GDP is almost always presented in real terms, stock market performance is almost always presented in nominal terms.

Written in 2015